By Dr Kavitha Rajagopal

Every crime scene becomes a silent witness to the crime, often holding crucial evidence such as a drop of blood, smeared fingerprints, a strand of hair, or a pattern of bloodstains – each capable of revealing the truth behind the scenes.

Left unexamined, these pieces of evidence remain faceless.

It is forensic science that provides these pieces of evidence the tool to identify the suspect and give the victims a voice in ensuring that justice is served.

Across the world, forensic science has long been described as the “hidden witness”. Yet in truth, it is more than that.

It is the human bridge between society’s demand for justice and the judicial system’s ability to deliver it.

Without the painstaking work of forensic scientists, the courts would lack the understanding and clarity needed to convict the guilty or protect the innocent.

The human impact of forensics

TV shows often exaggerate forensic work with ‘CSI effect’ where public expectations of speed and detection may not align with real crime-scene challenges.

But the real power of forensic science lies in its analysis and interpretation.

For a victim’s family, DNA evidence can provide closure after years of grieving. For an accused person, DNA evidence can be the proof that clears his/her name.

These justifications remind us that forensics is not just about science, but it is about justice.

It ensures that justice is based on facts and evidence rather than speculation and prejudice.

Malaysia in the regional landscape

Malaysia has emerged as a knowledge hub for forensic science, with strong investment in facilities, training, knowledge exchange and regional collaborations.

The Forensic DNA Databank of Malaysia (FDDM) has become a cornerstone in solving many criminal investigations.

The Chemistry Department of Malaysia (JKM) continues to provide crucial forensic services to the courts and law enforcement in ensuring the reliability of submitted evidence.

Malaysia also plays an equally important international role by hosting global and regional gatherings such as the Asian Forensic Sciences Network (AFSN) Symposium and the International Convention of Forensic Medicine and Sciences (ICFMS). Malaysia has positioned itself at the centre of the knowledge hub for forensic science and technology in Asia.

Universities: Training tomorrow’s experts

Forensic science in Malaysia’s universities reflects a growing commitment to this field – ensuring graduates are well equipped for modern forensic challenges.

Students are trained in theoretical knowledge, laboratory techniques, and hands-on training.

Mock trials and case studies prepare the students for the courtroom, while research and learning of digital forensics, wildlife crime, and artificial intelligence (AI) create skilled personnel in these fields.

By investing in academic excellence, Malaysia is building a pipeline of skilled forensic professionals ready to confront tomorrow’s challenges.

This is crucial in a world where crimes are becoming transnational, digital, and more complex.

Challenges in reality

Despite the advances, challenges remain pressing.

Forensic backlogs mean justice delayed, which too often becomes justice denied.

The shortage of forensic scientists in areas such as digital forensics, cybersecurity, and artificial intelligence (AI) hampers investigations at a time when crimes are rapidly moving online.

Public perception also remains a hurdle.

Popular television shows often create the “CSI effect”, suggesting that crimes can be solved in 60 minutes with flawless evidence.

In reality, investigations demand patience, rigorous validation, and cross-disciplinary teamwork.

Without wider understanding of these realities, public expectations may not match what forensic science can realistically deliver.

Innovation with ethics

The next frontier of forensic science will be shaped by innovation.

Artificial intelligence, biometrics, and machine learning promise faster and more accurate results.

Virtual crime scene reconstruction is already being explored as a way to visualise evidence in courts.

But technology alone is not enough.

The true test lies in how forensic scientists uphold ethical standards while adopting new tools.

Without proper standards and monitoring, advanced technologies could raise issues of privacy, data protection, or even biasness in interpretation.

Innovation must therefore be guided by principles of fairness, accountability, and transparency.

Building public trust

Perhaps the greatest task ahead is building and sustaining public confidence.

Forensic science operates at the intersection of law, science, and society. Its credibility rests not only on technical precision but also on the confidence that the process is impartial and free from external influence.

That means investing not just in machines and laboratories, but also in people, who are highly trained professionals able to interpret evidence responsibly and communicate it clearly in courtrooms.

There is also a need to raise public awareness so that communities understand both the strengths and limitations of forensic science.

Conclusion

At its heart, forensic science is about truth.

It is the quiet force that ensures justice is based on evidence, not assumptions. It is the discipline that speaks for victims when they cannot speak for themselves, and that protects the innocent from wrongful conviction.

Malaysia has much to be proud of in its forensic journey, but it also has much still to do.

By embracing innovation, strengthening regional cooperation, and investing in people, the nation can ensure that forensic science continues to serve as the face of justice.

In an era of rapid technological change and growing criminal complexity, society needs this hidden witness more than ever, not as a backdrop to sensational stories, but as a guardian of fairness, dignity, and truth.

-- BERNAMA

Dr Kavitha Rajagopal is a Senior Lecturer at the Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA.